Research into lyrics- Miss.georgiou

Applying for music copyright

The copyright law gives the creators of literary, dramatic, musical, artistic works, sound recordings, broadcasts, films and typographical arrangement of published editions, rights to control the ways in which their material may be used.The rights cover; broadcast and public performance, copying, adapting, issuing, renting and lending copies to the public.In many cases, the creator will also have the right to be identified as the author and to object to distortions of his or her work. 

Within the music industry copyright law is used to prevent the un-solictited use of a song that belongs to a record label. 

In order to use the song "I Know" by Shift K3Y we had to email the record label "Sony Music Entertainment" to apply for permission to use the song that they legally own. The process is quite simple as we only require written evidence that we are in fact to use their song for own uses in order to avoid being sued or persecuted for copyright infringement. 

The record label (Sony Music) had replied back to our email allowing us to use Shift K3Y's song "I Know" for educational purposes only.

Research into chosen music genre

The chosen music genre that we have decided to use for our music video is the dance genre. The reason for choosing the dance genre is simply due to the fact that i have a large interest invested within this genre.The large amounts of sub genres within dance make the genre increasingly interesting as the audience are able to listen to different variations of their favourite style of music. This allows them to explore the genre further due to the extended sub genres which created more invested interest around the style of music. My inspiration within the music genre was from artists such as Calvin Hariss  , Tchami and sonnentaz .These inspirations are relatively similar in terms of the sub genre that their music derives from which is also where my interests within house music comes from. Our chosen music artist to be used within out music video is "Shift K3Y", the DJ has only been producing song from 2011 to the present time.

The codes and conventions within Think about you, are stereotypical of a dance genre as it contains a club scene however, it goes from a club scene to a scene about the lyrics such as "thinking about you". For example a male and female in the music vidoe were arguing and then the women walked over to the person she was '"thinking about" and then proceeded to kiss them.

 The song was able to demonstrate that it was a dance song through the party and club scenes but it also revealed a deeper understanding to the lyrics as it showed all the people that it was thinking about. The conventions within the music video were related to the music videos genre being dance as it had strobe lighting, the artist on the DJ decks, a party scene and a normal scene relating to the lyrics.

The mise-en-scene was used effectively throughout the music video. One of the mirco-element of mise-en-scene which was used was Iconography, this was used when a BMW car pulled up and it had the artist in it. It shows the lifestyle of the artist and it relates to the song as artists producing such popular songs will have a luxury lifestyle. 

The location of the music varied from a huge house to a club. The house represented the lifestyle of the artist and high profile that he has, while the club shows that everyone is enjoying themselves to the music that the artist is producing. There are strobe lights which are used while Calvin Harris is on the DJ decks, it relates to the party seen and also relates to the song as it is a dance song. The positioning used within the music video is evident when the artist is on the DJ blocks and everyone is below him, he is center of attention. It shows that everyone is watching the artist and having a good time to the song that he is playing, it relates as everyone is enjoying themselves to the music within the club. 

The facial expression of the boy and girl that are dancing on their own in the house have a loving and happy face, it shows what the music does to people and it effects them physically and emotionally. It relates as it shows that they are having a good time to the dance music that is being played within the house.

The camera shots that are used within the music video help to represent the genre. A mid shot is used within the video when people are dancing in the club which shows that they are happy and enjoying themselves. It relates as people within the club should be having a good time because of the music and the vibe that they are getting.

 A high angled shot is used in the club above the crowd, it shows that everyone is dancing and getting into the music. It relates as the song is having a positive effect on the people within the club, and it is what the music is meant to be doing to the people. The editing techniques that are used during the video help to relate to the dance music genre. 

A straight cut is used during the video when a girl kisses another girl then it cuts to a boy kissing a girl, it relates to the lyrics of the song as they are thinking about being with each other and no one else. It relates to the music as the song makes people connect through the music. A slow editing technique is used during the music video, when the boy who got beating up starts punching the boy that did it. It shows that he is thinking about the abuse that this boy is giving him therefore relating to the lyrics of the song.

The target audience for this song would be people who enjoy the club scene. Through the music video the song does show that it can be played within a house in a more relaxed atmosphere  or within a club. The target audience for this song would therefore vary from people who enjoy a party to people having a social gathering. The song can be used in both situations. The artist is represented during the music video as a person who will perform for this audience as he is playing his music within the club. It shows that he likes to perform and that he wants to give his audience a feel for the music. The style of the music video consists of being  a small proportion of performance, and en equal segment of concept and narative. It has been directed like this to show the artist, the concept of the song which is  thinking about people and the narrative of the club scene. 


Goodwins theory was used during the music. The first being that the music video demonstrates the genre characteristic, this is evident when the song is played within the club setting and everyone is having a good time to the music. There was a relationship between the lyrics and the visuals when they sing 'thinking about you' and the girl kisses the girl and the boy kisses the girl, meaning that are thinking about each other. There is a demand of the label through the artists label as he is on the DJ decks and that is what Calvin Harris's trade mark being a top DJ. There is also a frequent reference to the nation of looking and particular a voyenuristic between the female body. This is when the women are in their bikinis on the boat and a girl is topless walking down the stairs of the house


The second music video i analysed was klangkarussell by sonnentaz. This music video did follow some conventions of its music genre but not all. For example it did show that the girls within the music video were having a good time as they woke up hang over from a good night before. However, it does not have much of a party scene, and conventions such as strobe lighting and alcohol. There are conventions but not as many as a normal dance music video.

Mise-en-scene was used during the music video. Costume and iconography was used in the music video when the girls within the music video were wearing hippy or festival clothes. This shows that the girls were dancing and having a good time to the music the night before. It relates to the song as this type of song would be played at a festival as it would get the crowd buzzing. 

The lighting that is used in the video is natural lighting on the girls when they are waking up. It relates to the song as the have just woken up from the night before having a good time. It relates as the song would have been played the night before when they were having a good time. The location of the video is on a roof, however it gives the the impression that it could be at a festival or field as it has grass and chairs like the girls are at a festival which would relate as the song would be played at a festival. The positioning of the girls is that they are high up on a roof above civilisation, which relates to the song as when you would be listening to it you would not care about anything. They just want to live for the moment. The facial expressions used by the girls are a happy face when they get up to dance. This shows the effect of the song on them, they get a happy vibe from the song which would relate as it was made to get people in the mood for parting.

The camera shots that are used in the music video help to explain the codes and conventions of the music video. A establishing shot is used within the music video when the girls are on the edge of the roof and the city is behind them while they dance and have a good time. It relates to the song as it shows that they are careless when they are listening to it and they just want to have a good time. 

A long shot is used when they start dancing on the roof, it shows that they are having a good time and they just want to live for the moment. It relates to the song as the girls just want to be together and they get a connection from the song and being together. Editing techniques are used during the music video in the form of a fade at the start of the video. It was used when the girls were waking up from a hang over, it relates as it shows that they had a good night and the song was used during the night. It relates as it shows that they had a good time before as they were all smiling when they woke up, while the music was playing. A straight cut was used during the clip, which was evident when they were sleeping to when they were waking up. This was used to show that they confused were they was and did not care what happened to them. This relates to the song as it shows that people are careless when listening to this song and this genre of music.

The target audience of the song would be party goers like the ' thinking about you' song but i feel it would be for a teenage audience. This song feels like it has a more chilled out vibe to it and people could also just relax to this type of song. The song could be used in a party seen and it could also be used in a chilled out environment. The artist is not represented throughout the music video as there is no performance within the music video. It has been used to show how the song can come across. The style of the music video is 80% narrative, no performance and 20% concept. It has been used to show the music can effect people. There is a  relationship between the lyrics and the visuals when the they are high up on the roof and it sayings melting your worries away, it shows that the song makes people forgot about their worries and on a roof people do this. There is also a frequent reference to the nation of looking and particular a voyenuristic between the female body as there are only girls within the music video.

This research will help me when making my own music video as it has given me more codes and  conventions that i can use. It has also given me a different look on how to make a music video as they do not always have to include performance within the music videos a video can be 100% or 80% narrative. It has given me more ideas that i will carry over to my group when discussing ideas for our music video that we will be producing.

Analysis of a star and Dyers theory - Miss.Miller

Artists may feel the need to reinvent themselves as they may feel that the image that they portray is not their true identity which is quite often the case as music labels force the artist to have a certain persona or image in order to satisfy the audience. They may also reinvent themselves to gain further fame as the change in their image could increase their public image which is the case with artists such as "P!NK" who changed her style of music and herself in more recent years from being relatively normal to quite eccentric with the choice of her fashion and her famous choice of hair colours. P!nk's reasons for doing this was that she felt like she wasn't representing her true herself to the audience as she felt she was always quite bizarre however she wasn't able to show this for various reasons. Other artists such as Miley Cyrus have also drastically changed their image from a "good girl" that derived from her appearances within her Disney show "Hannah Montana" to her outlandish image now that shows her dressing provocatively and quite openly using drugs. Miley cyrus's style of music also changed quite drastically from her song "Party in the USA" which uses her previous image to "Wrecking Ball" which contains her new image.In terms of the lyrics Miley Cyrus has not changed too drastically however the music video that she produced was considered quite outrageous due to the  actions in the music video.

Goodwins theory can clearly be seen throughout Justin biebers music video "Baby". The first part of Goodwins theory that is covered within the music video is that it demonstrates genre characteristics, this is evident in the music video when he is on his own with a semi routine. A relationship between visuals and lyrics is the second point of Goodwins theory that is covered, this can be seen when he says "I'm losing you" and runs after the girl to try to win her over. Similar to the relationship between the lyrics and visuals, there is a relationship between the music and visuals, this is when Justin Bieber say "baby" and goes over to the girl to try to win her over. The forth point that Goodwin expects to be covered within a music video is  the demand of label . This is when the music video is just based around Bieber, there is a lot of him solo singing and there are lot of mid shots during this. There is also a reference to the nation and a particular voyeurism between the female body. He does this when by always looking at the girl trying to win her over and he also dances slowly to her. There is also a intertexual reference within the film as he is at bowling alley. The music video is based around performance which takes up about the overall large proportion  of the video, narrative which is a relatively large segment and finally the concept which is the smallest proportion of the video.

The genre and conventions of Justin Bieber's first song baby are different to his newer songs as he was a boy, he has grown up a lot. The genre of the song is pop and he is trying to achieve the boy next door look as it follows the conventions of pop songs which are evident in the music video, such as the modern stylish clothing.The song is also about a relationship that he wants with a girl, which is also conventional of a pop song. In the song he just seems to want to have fun with his friends rather than being more serious like he is in his newer song such as beauty and a beat, he has dance moves although he seems to be genuinely enjoying himself. .                          

The message and values of this song baby, is that that it is typical of a young teenage boy to try to win over the girl, as he is trying to impress her and his friends during this bowling competition. It is stereotypical of a boy to try to impress the girl, as it is likely it is the first girl he will try to win over. The location of the music video is in a bowling alley, this relates to the age of the artists during this music video. The target audience for this music video would be the young age group and mainly girls as it would be expected that they will start to follow him for his music and his physical appearance . This song follows the first paradox of Dyers theory as he is just an ordinary boy, but he has an extraordinary talent that can clearly been seen in this music video and through the song he has sung.

Throughout the second music video that I analysed Goodwins theory is covered again. As he is older in this music video his genre characteristics have changed, as he now dances closely to the girls relating to the song boyfriend. The relationship between the visuals and lyrics is evident when he sings" never let you go" and he holds onto the girl. The relationship between the music and visuals is also appealing to the audience throughout the music video, it can be seen when he says " if i was your boyfriend"  and then he stares and dances closely to the girl. There is a frequent reference to the nation and a particular voyeurism between the female body when he dances closely to the girl , he puts his hands on her hips and dancing with a sexual referencing. Throughout the video there is often a intertexual reference as he is driving around in muscle cars. This music video has about a very large majority performance and an equal small proportion of concept and narrative.

In Justin Biebers song "Boyfriend" where is a older than what he was in his song baby, i can clearly see that there are changes in the conventions, however the genre is the same. The genre of the sing is still pop but the boy next door has disappeared as he is now addressing the women audience as he talking about how is will be a good boyfriend. He is more confident in this video and this is evident when he dances with the girl in this song rather than just smiling at her in his song baby. He also dances more in this song than his other song which shows he is performing more now than in his old songs. He dances with the people in the video that look like his friends in a group and he also dances near the girl which he has not previously done before in his music videos, which shows he is more comfortable around girls and around the music industry in this song than before.          

The messages and values of this music video are very different to the messages and values of the music video "Baby". Justin Bieber is much older in this video and is he hanging out on the street. He is also driving a car which shows he is older and more mature than before when he was going for his boy next door look. He has also gone for a different approach with his style as he now has a new hair cut and he wears a leather jacket with sun-glasses, which represents that he wants to show he's older. However, he is still hanging around with people on skateboards which shows he is around seventeen or eighteen. The target audience of this video will be similar to last the music video although he is older as he will still be appealing to the females as this is where most of his song sales will come from. Additionally, as the song is called boyfriend the girls will wish that he is there boyfriend therefore buying the song and album when one comes out. This song follows paradox two as he is being more rebellious standing on street corners with his friends which shows that he is still present but he has been absent as he has changed his style and looks older which shows that he has taken time out to change himself.

In the third and final video that he produced the music video demonstrates the genre characteristics as he now dances with a group of girls and he rubs against Nicki Miniaj, this shows that he is taking a new approach to his music videos and this song. The relationship between the lyrics and visuals are different in this video to the others as they are in more detail, two examples that I found was when he says "body rock" and dances with Nicki Miniaj and he rubs against her body. The second point that was evident in this music video was when we says " we're gonna party like its 3012" and the shot goes onto a number of dances in the swimming pool. In addition, the relationship between the music and visuals is evident during the song when Bieber sings " when the music makes you move" and there are boys doing a street dance. There is also a reference to the demand of the label with the artists label as he is in the centre of the girls in the pool, he has the main attention. There is a reference to the nation and a particular voyeurism between the female body also. This can be seen when he dances closely with Nicki Miniaj and she is not wear many clothes, she is in a princess like outfit. This music film has a very large proportion of performance and equal small segment of narrative and concept.

During the third video  he has a different approach to this video than any others that he previously done. He is now at a pool party which shows he has gone up in the way that he is shooting his videos. The genre has changed as it is more dance but there is still a pop concept within the video. This is evident as he dancing throughout his his video on every other scene. He is also filming it himself which shows he is taking the responsibility of filming his own video in places, he is not relying on other people to make his videos for him. He dances closely to a artist Nicki Miniaj, it shows that he is more confident in himself as he rubbing against her, he is changing his image as he has gone from a young boy next door look to a older more confident look, dancing closely with women.

The messages and values of  this clip differ a lot to the other songs that I analysed as he has tattoos and this video just looks like a big pool party. There is more dancing in this video with girls as he dances with groups in the pool and also dances with Nicki Maniaj. He is trying to promote a new image as his target audience would be growing with him there for he needs to keep up with the new styles. He has changed his image by adding Nicki Miniaj rapping and making his song more dance based within his music video. This video promotes the  a party look which would appeal to his teenage girls fan base as they are at the age where they will be attending parties, therefore he wants his music to be played there. His target audience will still be girls but as he is getting older and his target audience are getting older he will have to adapt his music to make sure that he does not lose this audience. He has done this by adding the rapping in his film and by making it more dance based. This also follows the second paradox as he is now dancing with a women sexually, with is more rebellious, he has additionally been absent as he has a number of tattoos that are visible which is going against traditional teenagers.

Dyer explains that a common value of an artist is that they are rebellious. Bieber has done this by changing his image from a boy next door look to a more rebellious look, as he now has tattoos and he is dancing close to women, where as before he was just smiling and to get the girls attention in the baby video. In his boyfriend song he is more rebellious as he is now driving a car and he is hanging around with people on street corners, where in baby he was innocent as he was in a bowling alley. Justin Bieber uses media to make his music popular, he uses youtube you show how he is changing as a artist and how his image has changed. For  example in his music video beauty and a beat is he dancing alongside Nicki Manaj and in his baby song the girl is unknown and something that he likes. In his beauty and a beat song he is more sexual towards the artist, where is more innocent in his baby song. He uses twitter to show how he is changing by uploading and changing pictures of himself.At the start he is says that his music footage has been stolen therefore he had to release his music video early which shows his use of media. This has made him popular as he has changed his image to keep up with his target audience, he is giving them something new. In Dyers first paradox he explains how an artist should be ordinary and extraordinary for the consumer or audience. Bieber has done this in his music video baby as he is ordinary as he is at a bowling alley and he is wearing normal casual clothes such as jeans and converse with his friends. However, he is extraordinary as he has the singing talent for a young boy. Bieber uses the second paradox which is the star image be present and absent, Bieber has done this as he is present in his music videos but he is absent as he is designing his new look behind closed doors. This is how he is being rebellious, within changing his image throughout his music videos.